- Project description
In order to achieve significant optimisation of border control processes They were subject to thorough analysis. The Thereon designed PreBorderLane will bring a significant improvement of the necessary procedures at border control.
This approach represents an holistic and flexible upstream technical solution for the equalisation and differentiation of in-depth control and minimal check of passenger traffic. In contrast to other automatic border control concepts in Europe this system is based on the human being. Thus the new terminal processes allow to be as pleasant and safe as possible for the traveller without excluding certain groups of people reflecting a modern and progressive Europe. In addition the PreBorderLane implements the philosophy of a united Europe, as the concept is able to operate all aspects of an Integrated Border Management (IBM).
Background and basic problem
The stated aim of the European Union, through appropriate use of new technologies in the field of border crossing to the challenges of growing passenger numbers at the same time providing the legal framework to do justice. It is a particular challenge, the increase in air traffic (u. a. illustrates the use of the A380) to correspond to withstand the associated increase in migratory pressure and thus to satisfy the legitimate security needs of Member States to protect against threats of any kind associated with a high standard of servicing. The guarantor of the individual Member States to the European Union requires a community here and constructive approach to the challenging target to optimize the border clearance technology.
With the new strategy of the Integrated Border Management has been recognized that the quality and quantity of border crossing, the training of border control forces, the ratio of the number of control agents against the control forces, the technical / technological equipment and the optimization of individual processes of major importance.
When introducing new technology, therefore, a thorough analysis of the current border control processes is essential. The promising use of modern technologies can be positively affected by sales of the following conditions: the training of the European border control forces in dealing with "new generation ’of technology, harmonization of European border controls and their equipment, the improved differentiation of the trip current in-depth control and minimum control which prevent the exclusion of certain people and groups, taking into account the demographic changes in some Member States and the preservation of the active border control officials.
The switch to biometric border controls in the EU runs on several levels: First, is the mandatory implementation of the biometric-based Border controls for non-Schengen members, and programs for registered frequent travelers like PRIVIUM in the Netherlands, PEGASE in France, RAPID in Portugal, ABG in Germany, and IRIS in the UK, where EU citizens and third country nationals can participate without a visa. Second, programs for non-registered travelers were recorded - see EasyPass Germany.
The study BIODEV II took part in the eight European countries, was a test to prepare for VIS II As part of the experiment, the personal data from the application, the visa application number, the face image and ten flat fingerprints of visa applicants were stored in central databases.
It is estimated that there were in the EU in 2006, up to 8 million illegal immigrants. Half of it probably entered the country legally in the EU, but the authorized period of stay have covered slide and so in an irregular (so-called overstayers). The passport of any third-country nationals should be manually stamped on entry into and exit from the Schengen area. The time a third-country nationals in the territory of the Member State shall be calculated based on these stamps, which are often difficult to interpret, sometimes they are unreadable or may be the target of counterfeiting. The precise calculation of time spent in the Schengen area is the basis of stamps in the travel documents so time consuming and difficult. In addition, the length of stay of third country nationals in the Schengen area is not currently covered. Therefore, at present be determined hardly reliable, whether a third-country nationals overstaying or not, there is no consistent record of entries into and exits from the Schengen area, which could contribute to the improvement of border management, security and planning; also it is not possible to collect information about overstayers.
Consequently, two objectives which may seem contradictory: on the one hand, the border crossing for bona fide travelers smoothly designed and on the other hand, the internal security in the Schengen area will be ensured.
The problems of the various international projects to create automated border clearance due to insufficient consideration of the above factors. First, the human must add the automatic control. If certain initial condition as a certain minimum is not met, the facilities have back the passengers. Because of faulty and following the instructions of the system, the traveler is regarded as the originator and hinders the other border clearance process. If technical problems with an automated border clearance to be given an adequate manual border processing rare. The human intelligence and experience of the border guards behind the modern technology is available. Overall, a considerable perfection pressure on the expensive technical equipment, which they can fully become insufficient requirements.
The concept PreBorderLane
In order to optimize the general characteristics of an automatic border control and to give the process a new form and a new way of thinking, the concept PreBorderLane is presented.
The principle of PreBorderLane is the division of border control in an upstream and a downstream control. In the upstream control is more technical systems to which several passengers can approach each parallel to one of these systems. The downstream control describes the immigration officers and their switches. The upstream control track uses the inevitable wait actively for the equalization and differentiation of the passenger flow, by the traveler has the option to accelerate edition of his travel document, the process flow. Does the traveler from this, it is visually and acoustically optional welcomed in his own language. Furthermore, it can be expected waiting time and services (weather, taxi, exchange rates, etc.) are displayed. Optional may or here should also biometric features are retrieved and compared. During this upstream control are already under mandatory and time-consuming tests. It can detect and police-related travelers further action be taken. Ultimately, an automatic assignment is to a free and for him individually suitable border control switch.
The downstream control is made according to their qualifications (experience, language skills etc.) placed the border control staff, its willingness to position and training is delivered to the plants. The information from the upstream control is transferred to the respective officials targeted, so that the control depth can be reduced if required. Through the support of the document in the traveler has already contributed the inevitable hold to an active contribution to the acceleration of the overall process.
The design of this concept allows for effective utilization of automated support for flexible use and a dynamic adjustment of the upstream lanes - depending on the composition of traffic. This principle is applicable internationally.
Function of PreBorderLane
The PreBorderLane is in principle suitable to control the current tour in-depth control and minimal check. Just add the standardized machine-readable (ICAO-compliant) line of travel document is required, which has already gained worldwide positive. From it can be won for the addressee-oriented handling important information, such as:
- the type of document (service passport, diplomatic passport, passport, refugee passport, alien passport, etc.)
- nationality of the document
- age of the traveler (appointment of focal points)
- gender of travelers (attention to ethnic aspects)
Passengers are subject only to minimal scrutiny can happen in the ideal case without further manual control (achieved by monitoring the respective border control check-in counters).
Passengers to a peculiar subject of control (see VIS II) are fed specialized officers. With the offer that the passenger be travel document can be electronically read in the waiting position, valuable time is gained to the traveler to lead a detailed discussion under Borders Code. Different skill levels of immigration officers to be considered. In addition, the clearance process of physically disabled people, as well as business travelers or families with children, diplomats and registered traveler sufficiently considered and optimized. The implementation of various EU projects, such as Entry/Exit, VIS II, registered travellers, seasonal workers, foreign passport, are due to the modular structure the PreBorderLane given. The flexibility and the simple design favors widespread use, with the aim of standardization in the Schengen area. Future technical developments may optionally be used and recorded by the PreBorderLane (e. g. as RFID, including fingerprint, facial recognition, sensors based in terms of prevention in the field of radiology / nuclear detection, temperature measurement on pandemic, etc.). These factors contribute to an investment and planning security.
Benefits of PreBorderLane
The system of PreBorderLane is generally applicable to all boundaries. It would ensure all cross-border clearance and thus unify the security that is the guarantee for the return in the responsibility of each EU member.
The PreBorderLane can act as an intelligent queuing system. Finally, the extraordinary thing about the PreBorderLane, first, that it allocates the passenger the best for him, border control and switch to the other, that the previously unused waiting time effectively brings in terms of process acceleration benefits. Another particular advantage of this approach is that the traveler, regardless of nationality, can choose any upstream control lane, as the actual assignment is controlled by the switch to the border control PreBorderLane dynamic. This is bad pitching is no longer possible - the traveler is placed in each trap.
For the traveler, further advantages, as can be seen in the concept of classical elements of customer service. There no error messages such as »Here you are wrong«; »I can not understand you«; »Please introduce yourself in there, »only travelers with visa«; »You have the wrong pass! You need to check this e-passport«, »You are too young for this one (until 18)« and so on. Thus, it is possible to project a positive image of a progressive Europe.
Advantages for border officials result from the fact that they have already submitted information from the electrical tests before the passenger in front of them. Also, the psychological pressure is reduced, the impact so far through long queues at the switches on the border officials. What is important is also that the border control forces with the PreBorderLane also continue to participate actively in the clearance processes, rather than give away their experience finally the observation of surveillance images.
The technology used to adapt the development can and even with loss of function, downstream control of the security will remain the PreBorderLane is best suited to be used as a test vehicle for new technologies without hindering the traveler.
In the long term is also a synergistic effect for other agencies and services such as customs, baggage service, etc. are expected to seaports.
This concept has been developed in collaboration with Jörg Köplin. More information is available here.